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Paper · 1407.2247 · 2014

Fundamental limitations of high contrast imaging set by small sample statistics

arXiv · PDF · Open in the Atlas

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We lifted 13 functions out of this paper's own repositories and ran 0 of them in a sandbox. "Ran" means the function executed on a synthesized input and returned a value. It is not a reproduction of the paper's results.

RepositoryRoleRan
markusbonse/applefy pwc_unofficial 0 of 13
FunctionStatusWhere it lives
collect_all_contrast_grid_configs Not yet run markusbonse/applefy/applefy/utils/file_handling.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("30f78ab37be6c451")
create_checkpoint_folders Not yet run markusbonse/applefy/applefy/utils/file_handling.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("92c48136077ade31")
draw_mc_sample Not yet run markusbonse/applefy/applefy/utils/mc_simulations.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("1b25e631f62226ae")
draw_noise Not yet run markusbonse/applefy/applefy/utils/mc_simulations.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("857011d351d6da32")
flux_ratio2mag Not yet run markusbonse/applefy/applefy/utils/photometry.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("95c305a276bd9d53")
fpf_2_gaussian_sigma Not yet run markusbonse/applefy/applefy/statistics/general.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("c39d261ac01c16ff")
gaussian_r2 Not yet run markusbonse/applefy/applefy/gaussianity/residual_tests.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("5af946c9507df6ad")
gaussian_sigma_2_fpf Not yet run markusbonse/applefy/applefy/statistics/general.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("a6444ab1487a6105")
generate_fake_planet_experiments Not yet run markusbonse/applefy/applefy/utils/fake_planets.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("5c15841d6746ee4e")
mag2flux_ratio Not yet run markusbonse/applefy/applefy/utils/photometry.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("a6b9b6b36842b449")
search_for_config_and_residual_files Not yet run markusbonse/applefy/applefy/utils/file_handling.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("3936c27a886d93f4")
sort_fake_planet_results Not yet run markusbonse/applefy/applefy/utils/fake_planets.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("4b44747b7c3436ca")
t_statistic_vectorized Not yet run markusbonse/applefy/applefy/statistics/parametric.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("02e429993c81ef64")

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Abstract

In this paper, we review the impact of small sample statistics on detection thresholds and corresponding confidence levels (CLs) in high contrast imaging at small angles. When looking close to the star, the number of resolution elements decreases rapidly towards small angles. This reduction of the number of degrees of freedom dramatically affects CLs and false alarm probabilities. Naively using the same ideal hypothesis and methods as for larger separations, which are well understood and commonly assume Gaussian noise, can yield up to one order of magnitude error in contrast estimations at fixed CL. The statistical penalty exponentially increases towards very small inner working angles. Even at 5-10 resolution elements from the star, false alarm probabilities can be significantly higher than expected. Here we present a rigorous statistical analysis which ensures robustness of the CL, but also imposes a substantial limitation on corresponding achievable detection limits (thus contrast) at small angles. This unavoidable fundamental statistical effect has a significant impact on current coronagraphic and future high contrast imagers. Finally, the paper concludes with practical recommendations to account for small number statistics when computing the sensitivity to companions at small angles and when exploiting the results of direct imaging planet surveys.

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