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Paper · 2002.05990 · ICLR · 2020

Skip Connections Matter: On the Transferability of Adversarial Examples Generated with ResNets

Dongxian Wu, Yisen Wang, Shu-Tao Xia, James Bailey, Xingjun Ma

arXiv · PDF · Open in the Atlas

Code that ran

We lifted 9 functions out of this paper's own repositories and ran 4 of them in a sandbox. "Ran" means the function executed on a synthesized input and returned a value. It is not a reproduction of the paper's results.

RepositoryRoleRan
csdongxian/skip-connections-matter canonical 1 of 3
Trustworthy-AI-Group/TransferAttack — 2 of 5
mo666666/sgm — 1 of 1
FunctionStatusWhere it lives
backward_hook Ran mo666666/sgm/utils_sgm.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("1a88c8d0cf565ac1")
backward_hook Ran Trustworthy-AI-Group/TransferAttack/transferattack/model_related/sgm.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("89676b593803f1d1")
backward_hook_norm Ran Trustworthy-AI-Group/TransferAttack/transferattack/model_related/sgm.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("3e47156aa6454022")
backward_hook_norm Ran csdongxian/skip-connections-matter/utils_sgm.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("35b0c8af636d7d79")
SGM Not yet run Trustworthy-AI-Group/TransferAttack/transferattack/model_related/sgm.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("d12f0c422c2de806")
accuracy Not yet run csdongxian/skip-connections-matter/evaluate.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("f0c9a29156911331")
register_hook_for_densenet Not yet run Trustworthy-AI-Group/TransferAttack/transferattack/model_related/sgm.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("1e0f16878c9ad4d6")
register_hook_for_resnet Not yet run Trustworthy-AI-Group/TransferAttack/transferattack/model_related/sgm.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("5f12591f00431049")
validate Not yet run csdongxian/skip-connections-matter/evaluate.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("55f8205825bac4f7")

Repositories linked to this paper

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Abstract

Skip connections are an essential component of current state-of-the-art deep neural networks (DNNs) such as ResNet, WideResNet, DenseNet, and ResNeXt. Despite their huge success in building deeper and more powerful DNNs, we identify a surprising security weakness of skip connections in this paper. Use of skip connections allows easier generation of highly transferable adversarial examples. Specifically, in ResNet-like (with skip connections) neural networks, gradients can backpropagate through either skip connections or residual modules. We find that using more gradients from the skip connections rather than the residual modules according to a decay factor, allows one to craft adversarial examples with high transferability. Our method is termed Skip Gradient Method (SGM). We conduct comprehensive transfer attacks against state-of-the-art DNNs including ResNets, DenseNets, Inceptions, Inception-ResNet, Squeeze-and-Excitation Network (SENet) and robustly trained DNNs. We show that employing SGM on the gradient flow can greatly improve the transferability of crafted attacks in almost all cases. Furthermore, SGM can be easily combined with existing black-box attack techniques, and obtain high improvements over state-of-the-art transferability methods. Our findings not only motivate new research into the architectural vulnerability of DNNs, but also open up further challenges for the design of secure DNN architectures.

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