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Paper · 2302.10364 · 2023

Gaussian processes at the Helm(holtz): A more fluid model for ocean currents

arXiv · PDF · Open in the Atlas

Code that ran

We lifted 6 functions out of this paper's own repositories and ran 5 of them in a sandbox. "Ran" means the function executed on a synthesized input and returned a value. It is not a reproduction of the paper's results.

RepositoryRoleRan
renatoberlinghieri/helmholtz-gp canonical 5 of 6
FunctionStatusWhere it lives
downsample Ran renatoberlinghieri/helmholtz-gp/helmholtz_gp/utils.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("614b2b6a7a1c6bd2")
k_mixed_partials Ran renatoberlinghieri/helmholtz-gp/helmholtz_gp/helmholtz_regression_pytorch.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("0778367ca13c34c7")
make_xy_grid Ran renatoberlinghieri/helmholtz-gp/helmholtz_gp/utils.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("cf2d67f316d7438f")
solve_ode Ran renatoberlinghieri/helmholtz-gp/helmholtz_gp/utils.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("bb4a0a557ed5af17")
sqr_exp_2D Ran renatoberlinghieri/helmholtz-gp/helmholtz_gp/helmholtz_regression_pytorch.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("6562bd6f23eb3678")
sqr_exp_derivative_2D_twodata Not yet run renatoberlinghieri/helmholtz-gp/helmholtz_gp/helmholtz_regression_pytorch.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("03dd217fb3e754c4")

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Abstract

Given sparse observations of buoy velocities, oceanographers are interested in reconstructing ocean currents away from the buoys and identifying divergences in a current vector field. As a first and modular step, we focus on the time-stationary case - for instance, by restricting to short time periods. Since we expect current velocity to be a continuous but highly non-linear function of spatial location, Gaussian processes (GPs) offer an attractive model. But we show that applying a GP with a standard stationary kernel directly to buoy data can struggle at both current reconstruction and divergence identification, due to some physically unrealistic prior assumptions. To better reflect known physical properties of currents, we propose to instead put a standard stationary kernel on the divergence and curl-free components of a vector field obtained through a Helmholtz decomposition. We show that, because this decomposition relates to the original vector field just via mixed partial derivatives, we can still perform inference given the original data with only a small constant multiple of additional computational expense. We illustrate the benefits of our method with theory and experiments on synthetic and real ocean data.

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