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Paper · 2309.07207 · NeurIPS · 2023

EarthPT: a time series foundation model for Earth Observation

Michael Smith, Luke Fleming, James Geach

arXiv · PDF · Open in the Atlas

Code that ran

We lifted 5 functions out of this paper's own repositories and ran 4 of them in a sandbox. "Ran" means the function executed on a synthesized input and returned a value. It is not a reproduction of the paper's results.

RepositoryRoleRan
aspiaspace/earthPT canonical 1 of 1
aspiaspace/EarthPT canonical 1 of 1
aspiaspace/earthpt — 2 of 3
FunctionStatusWhere it lives
Block Ran aspiaspace/earthpt/src/model.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("b7589e0b66c2f55b")
MLP Ran aspiaspace/earthpt/src/model.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("2d8b3906adb95134")
new_gelu Ran aspiaspace/earthPT/src/model.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("b174524f6040ef73")
new_gelu Ran aspiaspace/EarthPT/src/model.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("92101b06ecbf1f1e")
GPT Not yet run aspiaspace/earthpt/src/model.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("94d98b2df1dae87f")

Repositories linked to this paper

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Abstract

We introduce EarthPT -an Earth Observation (EO) pretrained transformer. EarthPT is a 700 million parameter decoding transformer foundation model trained in an autoregressive self-supervised manner and developed specifically with EO use-cases in mind. We demonstrate that EarthPT is an effective forecaster that can accurately predict future pixel-level surface reflectances across the 400-2300 nm range well into the future. For example, forecasts of the evolution of the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) have a typical error of approximately 0.05 (over a natural range of -1 → 1) at the pixel level over a five month test set horizon, out-performing simple phase-folded models based on historical averaging. We also demonstrate that embeddings learnt by EarthPT hold semantically meaningful information and could be exploited for downstream tasks such as highly granular, dynamic land use classification. Excitingly, we note that the abundance of EO data provides us with -in theory -quadrillions of training tokens. Therefore, if we assume that EarthPT follows neural scaling laws akin to those derived for Large Language Models (LLMs), there is currently no dataimposed limit to scaling EarthPT and other similar 'Large Observation Models.'

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