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Paper · 2410.15050 · EMNLP · 2024

Are LLMs Good Zero-Shot Fallacy Classifiers?

Anh Luu, Xiaobao Wu, Fengjun Pan, Zongrui Li

arXiv · PDF · Open in the Atlas

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panfjcharlotte98/fallacy_detection canonical 0 of 5
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argotario_convert_to_name Not yet run panfjcharlotte98/fallacy_detection/evaluate/convert.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("baaae1c601ba1dc7")
compute_cost Not yet run panfjcharlotte98/fallacy_detection/models/gpt_based.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("b88a86c99705decd")
elecdebate_convert_to_name Not yet run panfjcharlotte98/fallacy_detection/evaluate/convert.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("43b1b602a790a83e")
logic_convert_to_name Not yet run panfjcharlotte98/fallacy_detection/evaluate/convert.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("5038383c322da462")
upsample Not yet run panfjcharlotte98/fallacy_detection/seq2seq_construction/meta_seq2seq.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("6581ae2c453a5a14")

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Abstract

Fallacies are defective arguments with faulty reasoning. Detecting and classifying them is a crucial NLP task to prevent misinformation, manipulative claims, and biased decisions. However, existing fallacy classifiers are limited by the requirement for sufficient labeled data for training, which hinders their out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization abilities. In this paper, we focus on leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for zero-shot fallacy classification. To elicit fallacy-related knowledge and reasoning abilities of LLMs, we propose diverse single-round and multi-round prompting schemes, applying different taskspecific instructions such as extraction, summarization, and Chain-of-Thought reasoning. With comprehensive experiments on benchmark datasets, we suggest that LLMs could be potential zero-shot fallacy classifiers. In general, LLMs under single-round prompting schemes have achieved acceptable zeroshot performances compared to the best fullshot baselines and can outperform them in all OOD inference scenarios and some opendomain tasks. Our novel multi-round prompting schemes can effectively bring about more improvements, especially for small LLMs. Our analysis further underlines the future research on zero-shot fallacy classification. Codes and data are available at: https://github.com/ panFJCharlotte98/Fallacy_Detection.

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