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Paper · 2410.18634 · 2024

Little Giants: Synthesizing High-Quality Embedding Data at Scale

arXiv · PDF · Open in the Atlas

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RepositoryRoleRan
haon-chen/SPEED canonical 0 of 11
FunctionStatusWhere it lives
extract_first_json Not yet run haon-chen/SPEED/utils.py
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extract_innermost_json Not yet run haon-chen/SPEED/utils.py
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fix_common_json_errors_and_loads Not yet run haon-chen/SPEED/utils.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("edb132d24082dccb")
get_brainstorm_classify_tasks_prompt_with_topic Not yet run haon-chen/SPEED/prompts_tasks.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("1dbde3bd8af6325a")
get_brainstorm_retrieval_tasks_prompt_with_topic_ICL Not yet run haon-chen/SPEED/prompts_tasks.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("30c186e2f12fbdd3")
get_brainstorm_s2s_tasks_prompt_with_topic Not yet run haon-chen/SPEED/prompts_tasks.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("dbcb6e8909c91a41")
get_create_all_revise_data_prompt Not yet run haon-chen/SPEED/prompts_aligning.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("08099b8533ba7d63")
get_create_classify_data_prompt Not yet run haon-chen/SPEED/prompts_synthesis.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("61fab83334f5a653")
get_create_dpo_data_prompt Not yet run haon-chen/SPEED/prompts_aligning.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("d08b9bbc29efb49d")
get_create_retrieval_data_prompt Not yet run haon-chen/SPEED/prompts_synthesis.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("bdb4e35a652580f3")
get_sts_prompt_with_topic Not yet run haon-chen/SPEED/prompts_synthesis.py
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Abstract

Synthetic data generation has become an increasingly popular way of training models without the need for large, manually labeled datasets. For tasks like text embedding, synthetic data offers diverse and scalable training examples, significantly reducing the cost of human annotation. However, most current approaches rely heavily on proprietary models like GPT-4, which are expensive and inefficient for generating large-scale embedding data. In this paper, we introduce SPEED, a framework that aligns open-source small models (8B) to efficiently generate large-scale synthetic embedding data. Through supervised fine-tuning, preference optimization, and self-improvement, SPEED enables small open-source models to produce high-quality data. Remarkably, SPEED uses only less than 1/10 of the GPT API calls, outperforming the state-of-the-art embedding model E5_mistral when both are trained solely on their synthetic data. Using this efficient generator, we conduct a comprehensive study on how various factors within the alignment pipeline impact data quality and reveal the scaling law for synthetic embedding data.

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