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Paper · 2502.01035 · 2025

UASTHN: Uncertainty-Aware Deep Homography Estimation for UAV Satellite-Thermal Geo-localization

arXiv · PDF · Open in the Atlas

Code that ran

We lifted 8 functions out of this paper's own repositories and ran 7 of them in a sandbox. "Ran" means the function executed on a synthesized input and returned a value. It is not a reproduction of the paper's results.

RepositoryRoleRan
arplaboratory/UASTHN canonical 7 of 8
FunctionStatusWhere it lives
calc_overlap Ran arplaboratory/UASTHN/global_pipeline/h5_transformer.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("44bf5ced04fc8132")
collate_fn Ran arplaboratory/UASTHN/global_pipeline/datasets_ws.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("247429ce34fc3671")
load_and_preprocess_satellite Ran arplaboratory/UASTHN/UASTHN_demo.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("2d86f6c4f9c9d299")
load_and_preprocess_thermal Ran arplaboratory/UASTHN/UASTHN_demo.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("2ed2d9477dedd236")
mac Ran arplaboratory/UASTHN/global_pipeline/model/functional.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("0b387e5979c78d55")
sare_ind Ran arplaboratory/UASTHN/global_pipeline/model/functional.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("463b2f96158e03a8")
sare_joint Ran arplaboratory/UASTHN/global_pipeline/model/functional.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("d15fdc91eec37e29")
path_to_pil_img Not yet run arplaboratory/UASTHN/global_pipeline/datasets_ws.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("f0db6d80ebf12bfa")

Repositories linked to this paper

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Abstract

Geo-localization is an essential component of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) navigation systems to ensure precise absolute self-localization in outdoor environments. To address the challenges of GPS signal interruptions or low illumination, Thermal Geo-localization (TG) employs aerial thermal imagery to align with reference satellite maps to accurately determine the UAV's location. However, existing TG methods lack uncertainty measurement in their outputs, compromising system robustness in the presence of textureless or corrupted thermal images, self-similar or outdated satellite maps, geometric noises, or thermal images exceeding satellite maps. To overcome these limitations, this paper presents UASTHN, a novel approach for Uncertainty Estimation (UE) in Deep Homography Estimation (DHE) tasks for TG applications. Specifically, we introduce a novel Crop-based Test-Time Augmentation (CropTTA) strategy, which leverages the homography consensus of cropped image views to effectively measure data uncertainty. This approach is complemented by Deep Ensembles (DE) employed for model uncertainty, offering comparable performance with improved efficiency and seamless integration with any DHE model. Extensive experiments across multiple DHE models demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of CropTTA in TG applications. Analysis of detected failure cases underscores the improved reliability of CropTTA under challenging conditions. Finally, we demonstrate the capability of combining CropTTA and DE for a comprehensive assessment of both data and model uncertainty. Our research provides profound insights into the broader intersection of localization and uncertainty estimation. The code and models are publicly available.

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