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Paper · 2504.11844 · 2025

Evaluating the Goal-Directedness of Large Language Models

arXiv · PDF · Open in the Atlas

Code that ran

We lifted 8 functions out of this paper's own repositories and ran 7 of them in a sandbox. "Ran" means the function executed on a synthesized input and returned a value. It is not a reproduction of the paper's results.

RepositoryRoleRan
Crista23/goal_directedness_llms canonical 7 of 8
FunctionStatusWhere it lives
all_configurations Ran Crista23/goal_directedness_llms/tasks/full_task.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("8a45b8fb7371f957")
generate_block_names Ran Crista23/goal_directedness_llms/analysis/expected_return.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("96bfb123e4e7d1be")
goal_directedness Ran Crista23/goal_directedness_llms/analysis/goal_directedness.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("90ce0031c7ec0aa7")
height_of_tower Ran Crista23/goal_directedness_llms/analysis/expected_return.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("77f7c3f72c89175d")
height_of_tower Ran Crista23/goal_directedness_llms/tasks/full_task.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("88d4f1ad7f0ecb97")
list_to_natural_language Ran Crista23/goal_directedness_llms/blocksworld_environment/blocksworld_environment.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("44ac126e906a6bf1")
score Ran Crista23/goal_directedness_llms/tasks/full_task.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("bb22736701cd8662")
load_dataframe Not yet run Crista23/goal_directedness_llms/analysis/expected_return.py
code served (permissive licence) · get_code("91f49f5213bcb3eb")

Repositories linked to this paper

Some links come from the archived Papers with Code dataset (CC BY-SA 4.0): attribution and licence.

Abstract

To what extent do LLMs use their capabilities towards their given goal? We take this as a measure of their goal-directedness. We evaluate goal-directedness on tasks that require information gathering, cognitive effort, and plan execution, where we use subtasks to infer each model's relevant capabilities. Our evaluations of LLMs from Google DeepMind, OpenAI, and Anthropic show that goal-directedness is relatively consistent across tasks, differs from task performance, and is only moderately sensitive to motivational prompts. Notably, most models are not fully goal-directed. We hope our goal-directedness evaluations will enable better monitoring of LLM progress, and enable more deliberate design choices of agentic properties in LLMs.

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