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Paper · 2601.08236 · 2026

Structural Dimension Reduction in Bayesian Networks

Yi Sun, Pei Heng, Jianhua Guo

arXiv · PDF · Open in the Atlas

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Abstract

This work introduces a novel technique, named structural dimension reduction, to collapse a Bayesian network onto a minimum and localized one while ensuring that probabilistic inferences between the original and reduced networks remain consistent. To this end, we propose a new combinatorial structure in directed acyclic graphs called the directed convex hull, which has turned out to be equivalent to their minimum localized Bayesian networks. An efficient polynomialtime algorithm is devised to identify them by determining the unique directed convex hulls containing the variables of interest from the original networks. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed technique has high dimension reduction capability in real networks, and the efficiency of probabilistic inference based on directed convex hulls can be significantly improved compared with traditional methods such as variable elimination and belief propagation algorithms. The code of this study is open at https://github.com/Balance-H/Algorithms and the proofs of the results in the main body are postponed to the appendix.

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